什么是Docker？
Docker 是一个开源的应用容器引擎，基于 Go 语言 并遵从Apache2.0协议开源。Docker 可以让开发者打包他们的应用以及依赖包到一个轻量级、可移植的容器中，然后发布到任何流行的 Linux 机器上，也可以实现虚拟化。容器是完全使用沙箱机制，相互之间不会有任何接口（类似 iPhone 的 app）,更重要的是容器性能开销极低。
为什么要使用Docker?
1、无论是安装应用、搭建环境，还是部署应用，都十分的方便灵活
2、节省资源开销。
3、灵活迁移你开发的应用程序
如何安装Docker?
1、配置docker阿里云yum源 (直接执行下面的命令即可)
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cat >>/etc/yum.repos.d/docker.repo<<EOF [docker-ce-edge] name=Docker CE Edge - \$basearch baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/7/\$basearch/edge enabled=1 gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/gpg EOF |
2、yum方式安装docker
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<span class="hljs-comment"># yum安装</span> yum -y <span class="hljs-keyword">install</span> docker-ce <span class="hljs-comment">### 查看docker版本</span> docker <span class="hljs-comment">--version </span> <span class="hljs-comment">### 启动docker</span> systemctl <span class="hljs-keyword">enable</span> docker systemctl <span class="hljs-keyword">start</span> docker |
Docker拉取Ubuntu镜像
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<span class="hljs-comment">#拉取ubuntu官方镜像</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">docker</span> pull ubuntu <span class="hljs-comment">#制作容器</span> docker run -it -d -p <span class="hljs-number">10122</span>:<span class="hljs-number">22</span> --name hadoop_master ubuntu /bin/bash -D (注意，如果使用ubuntu的话，是没有自带ssh的，需要重新安装，然后制作成镜像后，然按下面的做成容器) docker run -it -d -p <span class="hljs-number">10222</span>:<span class="hljs-number">22</span> --name hadoop_3 moxi/ubuntu_ssh /usr/sbin/sshd -D （使用上方 /usr/sbin/sshd，表示开机自动启动sshd脚本） <span class="hljs-comment">#将宿主机的hosts文件写入到容器中</span> docker run -d -h hadoop_master --name hadoop_master -p <span class="hljs-number">10022</span>:<span class="hljs-number">22</span> -p <span class="hljs-number">50070</span>:<span class="hljs-number">50070</span> $(cat /opt/software/hosts|awk -F <span class="hljs-string">' '</span> <span class="hljs-string">'{if(NR>=0){print "--add-host "<span class="hljs-variable">$2</span>":"<span class="hljs-variable">$1</span>}}'</span>) moxi/ubuntu_hadoop docker run -d -h hadoop_salve01 --name hadoop_salve01 -p <span class="hljs-number">10122</span>:<span class="hljs-number">22</span> $(cat /opt/software/hosts|awk -F <span class="hljs-string">' '</span> <span class="hljs-string">'{if(NR>=0){print "--add-host "<span class="hljs-variable">$2</span>":"<span class="hljs-variable">$1</span>}}'</span>) moxi/ubuntu_hadoop docker run -d -h hadoop_salve02 --name hadoop_salve02 -p <span class="hljs-number">10222</span>:<span class="hljs-number">22</span> $(cat /opt/software/hosts|awk -F <span class="hljs-string">' '</span> <span class="hljs-string">'{if(NR>=0){print "--add-host "<span class="hljs-variable">$2</span>":"<span class="hljs-variable">$1</span>}}'</span>) moxi/ubuntu_hadoop <span class="hljs-comment">#进入容器</span> docker exec -it hadoop_master /bin/bash (注：/bin/bash指进入容器时，执行的命令) |
制作CentOS容器
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<span class="hljs-comment"># 制作master</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">docker</span> run --privileged -it -d --name master -h master -p <span class="hljs-number">10022</span>:<span class="hljs-number">22</span> -p <span class="hljs-number">50070</span>:<span class="hljs-number">50070</span> $(cat /opt/software/hosts|awk -F <span class="hljs-string">' '</span> <span class="hljs-string">'{if(NR>=0){print "--add-host "<span class="hljs-variable">$2</span>":"<span class="hljs-variable">$1</span>}}'</span>) moxi/centos_hadoop /usr/sbin/init <span class="hljs-comment"># 制作slaver101</span> docker run --privileged -it -d --name slave101 -h slave101 -p <span class="hljs-number">10122</span>:<span class="hljs-number">22</span> $(cat /opt/software/hosts|awk -F <span class="hljs-string">' '</span> <span class="hljs-string">'{if(NR>=0){print "--add-host "<span class="hljs-variable">$2</span>":"<span class="hljs-variable">$1</span>}}'</span>) moxi/centos_hadoop /usr/sbin/init <span class="hljs-comment"># 制作slaver102</span> docker run --privileged -it -d --name slave102 -h slave102 -p <span class="hljs-number">10222</span>:<span class="hljs-number">22</span> $(cat /opt/software/hosts|awk -F <span class="hljs-string">' '</span> <span class="hljs-string">'{if(NR>=0){print "--add-host "<span class="hljs-variable">$2</span>":"<span class="hljs-variable">$1</span>}}'</span>) moxi/centos_hadoop /usr/sbin/init <span class="hljs-comment">### 注意最后最佳 /usr/sbin/init 是为了能够启动systemctl在容器中</span> |
制作蘑菇博客容器
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<span class="hljs-attribute">docker</span> run --privileged -d -it -h mogu_blog_2 --name mogu_blog_2 -p <span class="hljs-number">11122</span>:<span class="hljs-number">22</span> -p <span class="hljs-number">15672</span>:<span class="hljs-number">15672</span> -p <span class="hljs-number">5672</span>:<span class="hljs-number">5672</span> -p <span class="hljs-number">8600</span>:<span class="hljs-number">8600</span> -p <span class="hljs-number">9527</span>:<span class="hljs-number">9527</span> -p <span class="hljs-number">9528</span>:<span class="hljs-number">9528</span> -p <span class="hljs-number">6379</span>:<span class="hljs-number">6379</span> -p <span class="hljs-number">3306</span>:<span class="hljs-number">3306</span> -p <span class="hljs-number">80</span>:<span class="hljs-number">80</span> -p <span class="hljs-number">8080</span>:<span class="hljs-number">8080</span> -v /etc/localtime:/etc/localtime:ro moxi/mogu_blog_20191012 /usr/sbin/init |
宿主机 /opt/software/hosts 文件
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172<span class="hljs-selector-class">.17</span><span class="hljs-selector-class">.0</span><span class="hljs-selector-class">.2</span> <span class="hljs-selector-tag">master</span> 172<span class="hljs-selector-class">.17</span><span class="hljs-selector-class">.0</span><span class="hljs-selector-class">.3</span> <span class="hljs-selector-tag">slave101</span> 172<span class="hljs-selector-class">.17</span><span class="hljs-selector-class">.0</span><span class="hljs-selector-class">.4</span> <span class="hljs-selector-tag">slave102</span> 172<span class="hljs-selector-class">.17</span><span class="hljs-selector-class">.0</span><span class="hljs-selector-class">.5</span> <span class="hljs-selector-tag">slave103</span> 172<span class="hljs-selector-class">.17</span><span class="hljs-selector-class">.0</span><span class="hljs-selector-class">.6</span> <span class="hljs-selector-tag">slave104</span> 172<span class="hljs-selector-class">.17</span><span class="hljs-selector-class">.0</span><span class="hljs-selector-class">.7</span> <span class="hljs-selector-tag">slave105</span> |
Ubuntu安装SSH
1、更新镜像源
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<span class="hljs-comment"># 更新apt源（注意:不更新有可能会出现安装错误）</span> apt-get <span class="hljs-keyword">update</span> <span class="hljs-comment"># 安装SSH</span> apt-<span class="hljs-keyword">get</span> <span class="hljs-keyword">install</span> ssh -y |
2、配置允许root用户远程访问
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<span class="hljs-comment"># 打开配置文件</span> <span class="hljs-attribute">vim</span> /etc/ssh/sshd_config |
将 PermitRootLogin后面的值，改成yes，如下图所示
保存退出后，重启SSH服务
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<span class="hljs-comment"># ubuntu用户</span> <span class="hljs-attr">service</span> <span class="hljs-string">ssh restart</span> <span class="hljs-comment"> # centos用户</span> <span class="hljs-attr">systemctl</span> <span class="hljs-string">restart sshd.service</span> |
通过 XShell即可进行远程登录
如果登录不了的话，那么我们需要开发宿主机对应的端口号，我的宿主机是centos，所以使用下面命令关闭防火墙
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<span class="hljs-comment">#关闭防火墙</span> systemctl <span class="hljs-keyword">stop</span> firewalld.service <span class="hljs-comment">#开机禁用防火墙</span> systemctl <span class="hljs-keyword">disable</span> firewalld.service |
Docker将镜像提交到Dockerhub
1、什么是dockerhub
dockerhub就类似于github，是一个镜像托管网站
2、如何上传镜像
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<span class="hljs-comment">#首先将容器制作成相应的镜像</span> <span class="hljs-attr">docker</span> <span class="hljs-string">commit 0c27a8e124eb moxi/ubuntu_ssh</span> <span class="hljs-comment"> #通过docker login输入相应的账号密码(没有账号需要先注册 https://hub.docker.com/)</span> <span class="hljs-attr">docker</span> <span class="hljs-string">login</span> <span class="hljs-comment"> #登录成功后，通过push提交镜像</span> <span class="hljs-attr">docker</span> <span class="hljs-string">pull moxi/ubuntu_ssh</span> |
Docker的常用命令
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<span class="hljs-comment">#查看所有容器</span> <span class="hljs-attr">docker</span> <span class="hljs-string">ps -a </span> <span class="hljs-comment"> #关闭容器</span> <span class="hljs-attr">docker</span> <span class="hljs-string">stop 容器名 </span> <span class="hljs-comment"> #启动容器</span> <span class="hljs-attr">docker</span> <span class="hljs-string">start 容器名</span> <span class="hljs-comment"> #删除容器(必须先关闭容器后才能删除)</span> <span class="hljs-attr">docker</span> <span class="hljs-string">rm 容器名</span> <span class="hljs-comment"> #查看所有镜像</span> <span class="hljs-attr">docker</span> <span class="hljs-string">images</span> <span class="hljs-comment"> #删除镜像</span> <span class="hljs-attr">docker</span> <span class="hljs-string">rmi 镜像ID </span> |
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